kính trình
Definition
- Verb:
- To respectfully present or report: A formal verb used to submit a document, report, or piece of information to a superior, authority, or respected person with deference and politeness. It implies a hierarchical relationship where the speaker/writer is in a lower or subordinate position.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Kính trình Quý Công ty báo cáo tài chính năm nay. (To respectfully present this year's financial report to the Company.)
- Chúng tôi kính trình lên Hội đồng quản trị kế hoạch mới. (We respectfully submit the new plan to the Board of Directors.)
- Thưa Chủ tịch, tôi xin kính trình văn bản này. (Mr. Chairman, I would like to respectfully present this document.)
Advanced Usage
- This term is almost exclusively used in very formal, written contexts such as official reports, government documents, legal submissions, or ceremonial letters. It is commonly found at the beginning of documents in phrases like "Kính trình..." (To respectfully present to...).
- It is a fixed, polite formula and is not used in everyday spoken conversation.
Variants and Related Words
- Trình (v): to present, to report. This is the core verb without the added layer of formal respect denoted by "kính".
- Trình bày (v): to present, to explain, to set forth (ideas, information).
- Báo cáo (v/n): to report; a report. This is a standard term for reporting.
Synonyms
- To respectfully submit: To present for consideration or judgment with deference.
- To respectfully present: To offer or show formally and with respect.
Notes on Formality and Context
- "Kính trình" is at the highest level of formality in Vietnamese. Its use is dictated by strict social and professional hierarchy.
- It is typically followed by the title or name of the recipient (e.g., , ).
- The word "kính" itself means "respect" or "to respect," and its addition transforms the neutral "trình" (present) into a deeply respectful act of submission.